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There are 81 provinces in Turkey ((トルコ語:il)). Among the 81 provinces, thirty are designated metropolitan municipalities〔(Statistical Institute page )〕 ((トルコ語:büyükşehir belediyeleri)). Metropolitan municipalities are subdivided into districts ((トルコ語:ilçe)), where each district includes a corresponding district municipality, which is a second tier municipality.〔(Law act no 5216 ) 〕 ==History== The first metropolitan municipalities were established in 1984.〔(Belleten of legislation )〕 These were the three most populous cities in Turkey, namely; İstanbul, Ankara and İzmir. In each metropolitan municipality a number of second level municipalities (ilçe) were established. In 1986, four new metropolitan municipalities were established in Adana,〔(Art no 3306 )〕 Bursa,〔(Art no 3391 )〕 Gaziantep〔(Art no.3398 )〕 and Konya.〔(Art no 3399 )〕 Two years later the total number was increased to eight with the addition of Kayseri.〔(Art no 3508 )〕 In 1993, seven new metropolitan municipalities were established in Antalya, Diyarbakır, Erzurum, Eskişehir, Mersin, Kocaeli and Samsun.〔(Decree no 504 )〕 Following the earthquake of 1999, Sakarya was also declared a metropolitan municipality.〔(Art no 593 )〕 Before 2004, only the urban centers with a population more than 750,000 were declared metropolitan centers. However, in 2004, the concept of metropolitan municipality was redefined in Istanbul and Kocaeli, where from then on metropolitan municipality borders would overlap with provincial borders. In 2012, this was extented to other metropolitan municipalities.〔(Art no 6360 )〕 Thus, all provinces with a population in excess of 750,000 were declared metropolitan municipality and accordingly the number of metropolitan municipalities has sharply increased. The following 13 cities became metropolitan municipality:〔 * Aydın * Balıkesir * Denizli * Hatay * Malatya * Manisa * Kahramanmaraş * Mardin * Muğla * Tekirdağ * Trabzon * Şanlıurfa * Van Later, with the addition of Ordu, the total number of the metropolitan municipalities was increased to 30.〔(CNN Turk news )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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